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Review Article
The Role of Zirconia Implants in Implantology: Potential Benefits and Challenges
Andres Felipe Aguirre-Osorio*
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, June 2025
Pages:
1-9
Received:
19 December 2024
Accepted:
3 January 2025
Published:
11 February 2025
Abstract: Background: The search for an alternative to titanium dental implants has been ongoing for over 50 years. While titanium implants have significantly improved patients' quality of life, concerns about titanium sensitivity and corrosion have prompted interest in ceramic implants. Zirconia, in particular, offers biocompatibility and aesthetic benefits, especially for patients with thin gingival biotypes or those prone to gingival recession. Objective: This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on the use of zirconia ceramics in dental implant prosthodontics and assess its potential to replace titanium while maintaining high success rates. Methods: A review of the literature was conducted, focusing on zirconia implants, including one-piece and two-piece designs, covering mechanical properties, osseointegration, clinical outcomes, and challenges. Results: Zirconia implants show promising advantages, such as reduced sensitivity, minimal ion release, and improved aesthetics, particularly in patients concerned with the cosmetic outcomes of titanium implants. However, challenges remain, including mechanical fragility, surface treatment needs, and the risk of early failure. Despite these challenges, advancements in zirconia implant design and surface modifications have led to improved clinical outcomes, though zirconia implants have not yet reached the routine use of titanium implants. Conclusions: Zirconia implants present potential as a non-metallic alternative to titanium. However, their clinical use is still evolving, and further research and development are needed to ensure their long-term success and mechanical performance.
Abstract: Background: The search for an alternative to titanium dental implants has been ongoing for over 50 years. While titanium implants have significantly improved patients' quality of life, concerns about titanium sensitivity and corrosion have prompted interest in ceramic implants. Zirconia, in particular, offers biocompatibility and aesthetic benefits...
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Research Article
Antibacterial Activity of Aloe schweinfurthii Gel in the Preservation of Periodontal Ligament Cells of an Erupted Immature Permanent Tooth
Mengong Moneboulou Hortense Perpetue*,
Ndjoh Jules Julien,
Ekono Effa Francky,
Nnanga Nga Emmanuel,
Bengondo Messanga Charles,
Aka Louka Kattie
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, June 2025
Pages:
10-19
Received:
16 January 2025
Accepted:
3 February 2025
Published:
6 March 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijdm.20251101.12
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Abstract: Effective management of an expelled tooth requires its rapid transport to the dental office, in a liquid adapted to cell survival. For this, some preservation media have been evaluated in tropical areas with regenerative and antibacterial properties. These inaccessible and/or non-regenerative media have pushed our research towards alternative media including Aloe schunfurthii. Our general objective was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Aloe schweinfurthii gel on the survival of periodontal ligament cells of an expelled immature permanent tooth. To achieve this objective, we conducted an experimental study. It was carried out at the Yaoundé University Hospital on extracted immature permanent premolars that were preserved in Aloe schweinfurthii gel at different dilutions and pH. Cell vitality was read using optical microscopy after aqueous eosin staining at three-hour intervals. The antibacterial activity was determined from bacterial samples of the periodontal ligaments of the premolars according to three successive steps ranging from the culture of the bacterial strains to the determination of the diameters and the inhibition parameters. The Chi 2 test was used to compare the vitality of the different media. The methodology used allowed us to obtain results which showed that the Aloe schweinfurthii gel had a CMB/MIC ratio lower than 4, revealing a bactericidal activity on all the bacteria tested. The results obtained allowed us to conclude that the Aloe schweinfurthii gel is bactericidal in the conservation of the cells of the periodontal ligaments of an expelled immature permanent tooth.
Abstract: Effective management of an expelled tooth requires its rapid transport to the dental office, in a liquid adapted to cell survival. For this, some preservation media have been evaluated in tropical areas with regenerative and antibacterial properties. These inaccessible and/or non-regenerative media have pushed our research towards alternative media...
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Case Report
Oral Manifestations of Graft Versus Host Disease – Clinical Presentations After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
Abdulhameed Alsarraf*,
Hessa Almusallam,
Farah Alsalem,
Qutaibah Alfadalah
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, June 2025
Pages:
20-24
Received:
28 February 2025
Accepted:
14 March 2025
Published:
28 March 2025
Abstract: Oral chronic graft versus host disease (OcGvHD) is characterized by a myriad of clinical signs and symptoms. The oral health status can be debilitating to the patient by exacerbated mucosal symptoms and decreasing quality of life. Oral manifestations may acutely present as mild to moderate erythematous lesions on mucosal surfaces, painful recurrent mucosal ulcers, and salivary gland hypofunction. At later stages, oral lesions presents with more severe signs and symptoms, including lichenoid lesions characterized by white striations, plaques, and erosions resembling oral lichen planus, mucosal atrophy characterized by thin, fragile mucosa prone to ulcerations and oral infections, trismus due to temporomandibular joint fibrosis, persistent salivary gland hypofunction leading to dysphagia and increased risk of caries and oral candidiasis, and heightened susceptibility to bacterial and viral infections due to impaired mucosal integrity. Amongst oral manifestations, other organs may be involved including the skin, eyes, liver and gastrointestinal tract. The oral manifestations of OcGvHD should be carefully monitored for its progression due to its malignant potential. This case report presents oral manifestations of OcGvHD appeared to develop 4 months after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in a 58-years old male patient who was referred to the Oral Medicine clinic from his hematologist for evaluation of widespread oral lesions.
Abstract: Oral chronic graft versus host disease (OcGvHD) is characterized by a myriad of clinical signs and symptoms. The oral health status can be debilitating to the patient by exacerbated mucosal symptoms and decreasing quality of life. Oral manifestations may acutely present as mild to moderate erythematous lesions on mucosal surfaces, painful recurrent...
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Research Article
The Future of Conventional Complete Dentures: A Narrative Review on Edentulism Risk Factors
Andres Felipe Aguirre-Osorio*
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, June 2025
Pages:
25-33
Received:
19 March 2025
Accepted:
8 April 2025
Published:
29 April 2025
Abstract: Objective: This narrative review examines the factors contributing to edentulism, presents relevant data, and explores whether conventional complete dentures will remain necessary in the future. Background: Although tooth loss has shifted from being an inevitable outcome due to limited treatment options to a largely preventable condition, a significant number of individuals remain edentulous. This persistence is influenced by factors such as limited access to oral healthcare, socio-economic status, epidemiological transitions, and the attitudes of both populations and healthcare providers. Despite advances, edentulism, often caused by dental caries, periodontal disease, or trauma, continues to affect a large portion of the global population and is unlikely to diminish in the near future. The literature identifies several factors that contribute to the onset of edentulism. Methods: A thorough literature search was conducted across electronic databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and the University of Sydney Library’s scientific articles database. Results: Initially, 378 articles were identified. After screening abstracts and assessing relevance, 83 articles were shortlisted. Of these, 24 met the inclusion criteria, focusing on risk factors associated with edentulism and were selected for review. Conclusion: The need for conventional dentures will likely depend on the stage of epidemiological transition in each country. Traditional dentures may remain a key solution for edentulism in nations with higher rates of tooth loss.
Abstract: Objective: This narrative review examines the factors contributing to edentulism, presents relevant data, and explores whether conventional complete dentures will remain necessary in the future. Background: Although tooth loss has shifted from being an inevitable outcome due to limited treatment options to a largely preventable condition, a signifi...
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Research Article
Experimental Modelling of Non-Gunshot Fractures of the Mandible
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, June 2025
Pages:
34-40
Received:
26 March 2025
Accepted:
15 April 2025
Published:
9 May 2025
Abstract: The article summarizes the results of clinical and experimental studies of the formation of mandibular fractures of non-gunshot origin depending on the direction and angle of impact, the features of destruction of its surface during jaw clamping and unclamping. To conduct an experimental reproduction of mechanical blunt trauma of the mandible, to document the localization of fractures and to determine the potential relationship between the site of impact and the site of fracture to determine the nature of bone destruction depending on both the direction of impact and the state of functioning of the jaws. The study revealed a clear pattern. Namely, fractures were formed either in the area of impact to the lower jaw or in the area adjacent to the impact site. The number of fractures also varied depending on the impact site. In no case did a blow to the same area cause exactly the same type of fracture, and the location of fractures that occurred in areas other than the impact site also differed significantly in terms of the structural geometry of the mandible. The fractures occurred consistently in areas recognized as biomechanically weak, such as the necks of the articular and condylar processes, corners, and mental foramina. There was a difference between fractures in closed and open jaws. Thus, with closed jaws, fractures from direct compression are formed on the outer surface of the jaw, and on the inner surface - tension, where the primary fracture is formed, and a bone fracture zone is formed at the site of direct contact. On the contrary, when the jaws are open, indirect fractures are formed on the opposite side. That is, when diagnosing non-gunshot fractures of the mandible, it is necessary to take into account not only the force of impact, its direction, but also the condition of the masticatory muscles during the injury and the position of the victim's head.
Abstract: The article summarizes the results of clinical and experimental studies of the formation of mandibular fractures of non-gunshot origin depending on the direction and angle of impact, the features of destruction of its surface during jaw clamping and unclamping. To conduct an experimental reproduction of mechanical blunt trauma of the mandible, to d...
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